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S. A. Gangoo , N. A. Masoodi , R. Banyal , M. A. Islam

Abstract

Present investigation has concentrated upon the vegetative propagation of 10-year old deodar, blue pine, Himalayan cypress and yew. Stem cuttings of deodar gives maximum ischolar_maining 62.13% under the treatment IBA 4000ppm + NAA 4000ppm with 11.3 number of ischolar_mains/cutting. Yew gives 85% ischolar_maining when treated with NAA 3000ppm + IBA 2000ppm with 12.40 number of ischolar_mains/ cutting. 90% ischolar_maining was recorded in Himalayan cypress under the treatment of IBA 3000ppm with 8.7 ischolar_mains/cutting. In case of blue pine 88% ischolar_maining was observed when cuttings were treated with IBA 2000ppm + NAA 2000ppm and cuttings were having 13.64 ischolar_mains/cutting. Results of present investigation envisage that this methodology can be easily be adopted in Forest nurseries by having a mist chamber facility for producing quality planting material of these important timber species of J&K.

Keywords

Vegetative Propagation, Timber Yielding Species, Cedrus deodara, Pinus wallichiana,
Picea simithiana, Abies pindrow, Taxus baccata, Kashmir

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S. A. Gangoo , N. A. Masoodi , R. Banyal

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No abstract

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S. A. Gangoo , K. N. Qaiser , M. A. Khan

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No abstract

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R. Banyal , N. A. Masoodi , S. A. Gangoo , Ravi Kumar , S. N. Zaffar , Safiq Trambu

Abstract

Conifers occupy 6.0 per cent of total forest area of India and 0.4 per cent of the world. Mainly four genera i.e. Abies, Cedrus, Picea and Pinus form the forest of great economic significance in Western Himalayas especially in Kashmir province. In J. & K. 19.95 per cent forest cover is having dense and open forests to the tune of 11,019 and 9,422 km² respectively. Forest productivity has been lowered down from 3.0 to 0.5 m³ha/annum in the recent past. The improvement strategies include protection, reduction in dependency, policy and institutional frame work, increasing the forest productivity and expansion in the forest area. Strengthening silvicultural research on innovative and modern techniques, producing quality seedlings, reducing gestation period, understanding ecto-mycorrhizal association to enhance ischolar_maining, adoption of clonal forestry and adoption of people participatory mode.

Keywords

Conifers, Western Himalaya, Abies, Cedrus, Pinus, Picea

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S. A. Gangoo , K. N. Qaisar , A. H. Mughal , A. S. Makaya

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No abstract

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S. A. Gangoo , A. H. Mughal , A. S. Makaya

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The paper presents a study on the growth behavior of two poplar species namely Populus deltoides and Populus nigra by giving different doses of fertilizer. The results indicate that N₁₅₀ P ₁₂₀ M₂₀ is the best dose for Populus deltoides and N₁₅₀ P _{120 M10} is the best dose for Populus nigra for obtaining optimum height. Individually phosphorus and Nitrogen increases the height and diameter of both the species but there is no effect of fertilizer on ischolar_main-shoot ratio and number of ischolar_mains/plant in both the species.

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R. Banyal , N. A. Masoodi , T. H. Masoodi , L. K. Sharma , S. A. Gangoo

Abstract

The present investigation sought to explore the knowledge and attitude of farmers towards agroforestry practices especially in North Kashmir of Western Himalayas. The informations gathered through the systematic survey by filling the testified questionnaire. A sample of 100 homesteads (41%) from the village was selected through random sampling technique. The responses were analyzed by using Frequency and Percentage Method (FMP). The results revealed that the inhabitants of study area are not well aware about the key points tested under knowledge of farmers about tree farming. On an average of 15 key points (studied), the majority of respondents fall in 'not at all' (38.23%), followed by 'moderate extent' (31.29%), 'large extent' (26.27%) and 'little extent' (19.08%) categories, respectively. Time and stage of tree felling ranked first in all the responses and VAM inoculation at the bottom. The data on attitude of farmers towards agroforestry with its benefits reveal that 58.20 per cent respondents fall in the 'agree category' followed by 'strongly agree' (21.00%) and 'neutral' (20.60%). It is observed that farmers are also reluctant to go for only agroforestry practices due to smaller land holdings. The response regarding agroforestry helps in making the farmers self-reliant ranked first in order. The present study revealed that subsidy is the only response holding the key as motivational factor for adoption of agroforestry practices.

Keywords

Agroforestry, Productivity, Motivation, Adoption, Tree Farming

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S. A. Gangoo , Mushtaq A. Mir , A. A. Khan , Gul Zaffar

Abstract

Screening of promising clones of Populus nigra Linn. (Black poplar) was carried out in Faculty of Forestry, SKUAST-K, J&K, India, during year 2006-07, to locate interclonal variation for various morphometric traits and to select best clones. A detailed survey was carried out in all the six districts of Kashmir valley from October, 2006 onwards and clones retaining leaves till late autumn were selected and tagged. Selected clones were evaluated for growth characteristics like progressive height, progressive collar diameter, monthly height increment, monthly diameter increment, number of leaves/plant, number of ischolar_mains per plant, sprouting, survival, sprouting commencement days, leaf area. leaf breadth, and branch angle. Heritability and coefficient of variation were estimated through proper statistical procedure. Investigation revealed that significant interclonal variation exits for all these characters. Maximum loading (0.48) was found for height, followed by number of leaves (0.44), while minimum loading (0.31) was found for leaf area, accordingly height contributed maximum (30%), while leaf area contributed minimum (3%) to total variance. The ranking of clones was done on the basis of principal component score, which ranged from -5.17 (A, worst clone) to 5.48 (A, best clone). Heritability ranged from 60.13 per cent (minimum) for collar diameter to 93.05 per cent (maximum) for branch angle. Genetic advance ranged from a maximum of 29.24 for height to a minimum of 9.72 for branch angle.

Keywords

Populus nigra, Promising Clones, Heritability, Scores, Genetic Gain, Screening, Loading, Growth Characters

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M. A. Islam , R. Banyal , N. A. Masoodi , T. H. Masoodi , S. A. Gangoo , L. K. Sharma

Abstract

The information on status of fuelwood extraction and consumption was collected in Sagipora village of Sopore tehsil under Kamraj forest division using interview schedule. Fuelwood extraction and consumption was estimated to be 0.28 and 0.42 tonnes person^-1 yeaf^-1 respectively. The village was found to be experiencing fuelwood extraction/ consumption deficit of 0.14 tonnes person^-1 yeaf^-1. Silvi-horticulture plantation provided the largest proportion of annual woody fuelwood accounting 74.29% of the total availability. Major proportion (82.86%) of the total fuelwood is consumed in cooking and heating. There are 15 prominent tree species which contribute 96.06% of the total fuelwood availability in the study area. The results advocate the need to increase the local production of fuelwood by establishing woodlots of suitable species on waste lands and un-utilized agricultural lands for meeting future demand of the burgeoning population.

Keywords

Fuelwood, Extraction, Consumption, Deficit, Species Contribution, Kashmir

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M. A. Islam , S. A. Gangoo , R. Banyal

Abstract

Forestry education and training in Jammu and Kashmir has a long history of more than 100 years with the advent of scientific forest management. The forestry education and training in the state may be categorized broadly as training of IFS, SFS and FROs at national level academy, training colleges and schools and training of sub-ordinate personnel viz., Forester, Dy. Foresters, Forest Protection Guards, Watchers, Class IV Employee, etc. in the state-run training schools, U.G., P.G. and Doctoral Programme in SAUs and specific training of in-service officers/officials in the Directorate of Forest Education (DFE) colleges, ICFRE institutes, ICAR institutes, WII, Dehradun, etc. Despite many major initiatives, the forestry education and training need a shift of paradigm to keep pace with current development and future challenges in the state. The forestry institutes require augmentation of infrastructures, upgradation of the existing system and strengthening the inter-institutional linkages. The career opportunities for forestry professionals required to be created in private, government and non-government organizations in the state.

Keywords

Forestry Education And Training, Jammu and Kashmir, Augmentation of Infrastructure Upgradation, Interinstitutional Linkages

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R. Banyal , M. A. Islam , T. H. Masoodi , S. A. Gangoo

Abstract

The study was conducted in Astingo village of Bandipora Forest Division in north Kashmir on a sample of 224 from 560 households (40%) with the help of combo pack of interview and observation methods. The observations on land utilization pattern revealed that 37.48 per cent of the land area is under agriculture followed by horticulture (20.16%), homestead farming (14.86%), agri-silviculture (12.92%), forestry (08.08%) and silvi-horticulture (06.50%), respectively. The inhabitants relied mainly upon fuel wood, charcoal, dung cake, LPG, kerosene and electricity to meet out their day to day energy demand. Fuel wood dominated among all the energy sources with charcoal at second and cow dung at third in raking. The total requirement of fuel wood at study site was estimated 634 tonnes per annum against its availability 405 tonnes per annum. The almost half (50.20%) of total fuel wood is utilized for cooking and rest is being for other different applications. The strategies must be framed to narrow the gap between demand and supply of energy sources by advocating the need to establish woodlots of suitable species on waste and fallow lands. There is significant potential for generation of power from small hydro projects as Kashmir has vast source of water, solar energy, etc.

Keywords

Energy, Fuel Wood, Landuse, Household, Charcoal, Agri-silviculture, Temperate

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S. A. Gangoo ¹, N. A. Masoodi ¹, Shah Murtaza ¹

Affiliations
1 Sher-e-Kashmir, University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Wadoora, Sopore, 193201, IN

Abstract

The narrow sense heritability for various progeny trials of Cupressus torulossawas assessed. There was obviously much variation in the degree to which traits are under additive genetic control. Height is strongly controlled genetically followed by base branch angle and then by collar diameter. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) being a unit less measurement is a good basis for comparing the extent of variation between different characters with different scales. Here GCV (genotypic coefficient of variation) and PCV (phenotypic coefficient of variation) is highest for height. Heritability is of key importance in estimating gains that can be obtained from selection programme.

Keywords

Cupressus, Heritability, Progeny, Traits, Variability

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S. A. Gangoo ¹, T. H. Masoodi ¹, Shah Murtaza ¹, M. A. Islam ¹

Affiliations
1 Sher-E-kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Campus Wadoora, Sopore-193201, J&K, IN

Abstract

Practicing lateral pruning as a management practice has given results that there is a significant increase in increment per cent in height of the poplar trees when they are laterally pruned up to 25 % clear bole, 75 % clear bole or 100 % clear bole. However, the pruning intensities do not make any difference in the height of trees when compared among themselves. The results also reveal that there is a significant effect on increment per cent in diameter over control. However, there is no significant effect on increment per cent in dbh among different pruning intensities. As there is significant difference in height and dbh due to various pruning intensities, the same is reflected by the volume of the trees. The maximum commercial volume is obtained in 100% pruning intensity which is 178% more over control followed by 25% and 50% pruning intensities which are significantly at par. Pruning management also reduces the number of female catkins considerably when trees are pruned up to 50%. The number of catkins gets reduced by 80%. Hence it is suggested that the poplar plantations should be intensively pruned leaving at least 50% clear bole to get knot free timber and reduce the cotton menace by 80% due to dispersal of seeds during the month of June and July. This pruning should be done in autumn and till the plantation achieves a height of 15 meters because up to this height the trees can be pruned without much effort.

Keywords

Exotic Poplars, Quality Timber, Reducing, Cotton, Kashmir.

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P. A. Paray ¹, S. A. Gangoo ¹

Affiliations
1 Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Benhama, Ganderbal 191 201, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out with the aim to determine genetic diversity in Salix alba germplasm/plus trees by employing the various catkin, seed and seedling characteristics. Divergence studies revealed grouping of 20 plus trees of S. alba into five clusters, with maximum plus trees in clusters I and II. There was maximum (748.77) cluster distance between clusters V and IV among all the clusters. This was followed by clusters I and IV (598.23). It indicates that there exists wide diversity between these groups. Cluster V had maximum for majority of the catkin, seed and seedling characteristics under study. The plus trees/genotypes in the clusters which are more divergent can be used for future breeding/tree improvement programmes of the species.

Keywords

Clustering, Divergence, Germplasm, Plus Trees, Salix alba.

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